Tuesday, 28 June 2011

Word of the Day

Freya and I have been eagerly looking through the many bookshelves of the library for the past couple of hours. On finding a modern American poetry book we have found a new word in the poem called Aunt Jennifer's Tigers by Adrienne Rich. What a wonderful world.

Today's Word:

Denizen

Resident or inhabitant

Sentence example: A denizen of London will carry an umbrella with them whatever the weather.

By Jess

Monday, 27 June 2011

Word of the Day

This is from doing my Personal Statement around friends who just randomly throw good words around, even though it's the library and we are meant to be silent. Don't you just love school?

Today's Word:

Précis

A precise summary

Origin: No extra brownie points for guessing this is from the French for 'precise'.

Sentence example: Charlotte's personal statement was a précis of her love for Classics.

By Jess

Saturday, 25 June 2011

Las Chicas de España

As any of my AS Spanish classmates are well aware, the end of Spanish AS came as a relief. Now we don't have to worry about grammar or excessive knowledge of vocabulary (or lack of it) until next June. Of course, we all had to return to school anyway so as to prepare our personal statements and university applications, but it also means that lessons stretch beyond the syllabus and allow us as students a little leeway to enjoy, for example, Spanish literature and culture as opposed to solid blocks of specification lists.

So, in Spanish, we have just finished reading La Casa de Bernada Alba by Federico García Lorca (who also wrote Blood Wedding for those of you who saw our school play). La Casa tells the story of a mother and her five daughters after the death of their father, set in a rural village in a repressed Spain. Lorca himself was shot during the Civil War and never saw Spain under General Franco the dictator, but from this play especially we can easily see he knew what was coming.

Bernada Alba, the titular character, is an old mother who thinks of one thing and one thing only: honour. In this Spain, only the older daughter may marry since she carries the dowry of the family, whilst any other daughters must stay at home to help their mother, all the while staying chaste and respectable. It is very much a society of "what would the neighbours think", and the repression is unbelievable.

The symbolism in La Casa de Bernada Alba is overwhelming. Bernada herself holds a walking stick. From her first line to her last line she demands silence while banging the stick on the ground: ultimate authority, and also that no matter what the course of events may be, her attitude never changes. Colours are another source of symbolism for Lorca; the white lace that all the girls wear marks their purity whereas the green dress that Adela wears brings an omen of death. And just Adela's name itself: it sounds like the Spanish word 'adelante' meaning 'forward', for she is the daughter who signifies the progression of movements against the dictatorship.

I shan't spoil any of the plot of this play, but I definitely think you should all find out what happens for yourself. Not only will you learn about Spanish history and culture but you will improve your Spanish along the way! For those who read in translation, never fear. Though some of the language techniques may be lost, the story stays the same as does any symbolism you may wish to pick up on. Enjoy!

By Jess

Friday, 24 June 2011

Word of the Day

Moving onto words from Chapter Three of The Great Gatsby (don't worry I am further on than that, it's just because there are so many amazing words that F. Scott Fitzgerald has bestowed upon me that we are still on Chapter Three). I feel we are making real progress here, dear readers.

Today's Word:

Prodigal

1. Wastefully or recklessly extravagant
2. Giving profusely
3. Abundant
4. Noun - a person who spends too much

Sentence example: Her prodigal behaviour was costing her father dearly.

By Jess

Thursday, 23 June 2011

Being Shakespeare

About a week ago one of my dearest friends invited me to go and see Simon Callow perform "a Shakespeare monologue thing". I wasn't really sure what this meant, but I knew that if it was Simon Callow performing then it was bound to be spectacular. Was I wrong? Of course not. And so on Tuesday I went with Charlotte and her family to the Trafalgar Studios, signposted clearly for us by the enormous posters depicting Callow's face alongside that of Shakespeare himself.

It all started with Mr Callow walking out fairly solemnly onto a stage decorated with a few simple props and a couple of trees in the background. As earlier mentioned, I didn't really know what to expect from it, so even though any time allowed for anticipation was short, I still felt myself leaning closer to the stage (not too hard considering we were fortunate enough to have front row seats), and waiting for his first words.

It turned out to be Callow telling us about Shakespeare's life from birth to death, referred to as his "seven ages". Along the way, Callow would perform short extracts from different Shakespeare plays, and not just male monologues. Though his portrayal of Mark Anthony from Julius Caesar ("Friends, Romans, countrymen; lend me your ears") had me sitting in utter awe, I can safely say he was just as good at hopping to and fro acting both Romeo and Juliet in the scene where Romeo first visits Juliet ("what light through yonder window breaks") as she looks out for him, remembering their time spent together at the dance ("O Romeo, Romeo, where for art thou Romeo?") The second act was finished off with a monologue from King Lear, which had both Charlotte and I nearly reduced to tears. And then he snapped back into the storytelling aspect of the show and wiped away the tears as if they had meant nothing at all. Truly inspiring.

I found it particularly interesting, though not altogether surprising, that a lot of phrases or sequences from Shakespeare's plays were taken from his own life and his own experiences. The quality of his work was marked by his bouts of happiness or sadness, his great rebound shown by classics such as The Tempest; he hadn't lost his touch.

Callow didn't go into Shakespeare's sexuality, i.e. homosexuality, though he did talk about his wife of many years named (coincidentally) Anne Hathaway, and also his children. What was particularly distressing was the death of his son, Hamnet, which happened around the same time as the writing of Hamlet, an infamously tragic play. Nor did Callow go into this whole hullaballoo about whether Shakespeare did or did not write his own plays. All he said was that Shakespeare had indeed shamelessly stole ideas and words from a few playwrights at the start of his career, since he started out in the theatre business by patching up others' work, so really he was bound to steal something (though I know it is still not entirely justifiable).

If you can manage to get your hands on a pair of not too pricey tickets to see Being Shakespeare by Jonathan Bate I really would recommend it. If you think from this review that it is just Simon Callow bellowing about Shakespeare and his life, it's not, and I apologise for giving you the wrong impression. Callow acts nearly all the parts worth playing that Shakespeare has ever written, snapping in and out of character as if it is the easiest thing in the world. If you are not an actor yourself, trust me, it isn't easy to do that and make it convincing. Callow succeeds superbly.

By Jess

Tuesday, 21 June 2011

Word of the Day

This word was learnt today in none other than my Personal Statement Workshop for English Literature. It has been plucked from a personal statement that is of astoundingly bad quality, due to the overuse of long words. Such as this one:

Today's Word:

Verisimilitude

1. The appearance of truth
2. Likelihood; probability

Sentence example: La Cantatrice Chauve, a French play by Ionesco, lacked any form of verisimilitude within its plot.

By Jess

Monday, 20 June 2011

Word of the Day

My dad found me this word in the travel journals of Samuel Hearne, published in the late 18th century.

Today's Word:

Assiduity

1. Constant and close application
2. Devoted attention

Adj: Assiduous

Sentence example: Jessica was working on her extended project with much assiduity.

By Jess

Sunday, 19 June 2011

Word of the Day

It's pretty bad I know, but this is one of those words that I always hear and never have the courage to ask what it means because I don't want to seem uneducated. So now I'm posting my ignorance on the internet, because when in doubt, make it public.

Today's Word:

Astute

1. Sagacious or wise: as in either a concept or a person.
2. Shrewd or cunning

Sentence example: The astute businessman made quite a profit through his crooked deals.

By Jess

Saturday, 18 June 2011

Nothing Compares

Nothing Compares To You is a song written by Prince in the 1980s, though it never had much publicity then as it was never released as a single. When Irish singer Sinéad O'Connor recorded it as a single, however, it took off and gained her global fame. I think we need to take a look at the lyrics and discuss their meaning, as there is so much hidden meaning.

Please carry on to the end of this. Its interesting quality increases as you read on.

It's been seven hours and fifteen days
since you took your love away.
I go out every night and sleep all day
since you took your love away.
Since you've been gone I can do whatever I want.
I can see whomever I choose.
I can eat my dinner in a fancy restaurant,
But nothing
I said nothing can take away these blues,

'Cause nothing compares,
nothing compares to you.

It's been so lonely without you here,
like a bird without a song.
Nothing can stop these lonely tears from falling.
Tell me baby where did I go wrong?
I could put my arms round every boy I see,
but they'd only remind me of you.
I went to the doctor guess what he told me,
guess what he told me.
He said girl you better try to have fun
no matter what you do,
but he's a fool.

'Cause nothing compares
nothing compares to you.

All the flowers that you planted, mama,
in the backyard
all died when you went away.
I know that living with you, baby, was sometimes hard,
but I'm willing to give it another try.

Nothing compares
Nothing compares to you (3x) 


You read these lyrics and, assumedly, you link it to a harrowing tale of love and the loss of it. The fact that only a fortnight has passed since the departure (whether over death's boundary or just out of the singer's life) of the beloved means that the pain is all the more evident. On the topic of death or break-up, I would say that is up to the listener to decide for themselves. "Where did I go wrong?" could mean what did the singer do to deserve sudden self-willed desertion of the loved one, or it could mean 'what have I done to deserve this?' in some sort of karma-esque manner, as in the partner has died. I really don't know.

Perhaps this lover even had a bad effect on the singer. The fact that now he or she can go wherever he or she wants signifies a potential restriction of free will, yet the addressee is still a preciously loved one. That's loyal love for you.

It is particularly confusing when the singer says he or she is "willing to give it another try". Then you think: 'oh so the lover's not dead?' Because when the singer mentions the doctor, we assume it is due to a case of depression.

Right?

Wrong.

Prince wrote this song about cigarettes.

Isn't that wonderful? I love eccentricity. Perhaps Sinéad O'Connor sang this about the loss of a loved one, but it was on BBC Radio 2 the other day that Prince had indeed written this song about his love of cigarettes.

Priceless. Do leave a comment below if this twist of events humoured you as much as it did me.

Enjoy the respective performances of Prince and Sinéad O'Connor below:





By Jess

Word of the Day

I'm pretty sure this word is still from the first chapter of The Great Gatsby but I can't be certain. I have, you will all be pleased to know, read on since that point, and I have a whole wealth of new words to share with you over the next hundred years.


Today's Word:

Visceral


To do with the viscera, or affecting the viscera.

And thus here is word two:

Viscera

The collective word for the organs of the body.

So maybe not so useful...

But hoorah! Here is another, far more useful word to attend to your needs of learning a good new word each day! My mother literally just asked me what it means as she read it in an article.

Egregious

Extraordinary in a bad way.

Sentence example: He was a particularly egregious character.

Friday, 17 June 2011

Word of the Day

This is a word from my Ancient History class with Dr. Arnold. It is truly amazing how many words Harriet and I have learnt from that class.

Today's Word:

Vitriolic

Hostile

Sentence example: The professor's vitriolic style of teaching meant his students lived in fear of him.

*DISCLAIMER: The professor is not referring to Dr. Arnold.*

By Jess

Thursday, 16 June 2011

The Bard of Ye Olde England

Shakespeare.

If someone ever mentions the name, we think of Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, or funny love stories that become more and more complicated after the turn of each page. Not only has dear Will contributed to our entertainment industry and to England's heritage and tourism income, but he has contributed just as much to our language, though so many of us are unaware of this. And no, they aren't just silly words that mean nothing to us anymore, they are everyday words that we may use whenever we want to express ourselves. That takes some skill.

I am going to provide a list of words first recorded in Shakespeare's works; see if you would ever have expected it of him!



1) Accused (noun). First recorded in Richard III, the word was already a verb from the Latin 'causa', but Shakespeare used it as a noun. It is now commonly used in trials.


Extract: "Face to face / And frowning brow to brow ourselves will hear / The accused and the accuser freely speak"


2) Blushing (adjective). This was used in Richard II. It was also used in Henry VIII and two of Shakespeare's poems called Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece.


Extract: When the angry king's face is compared to "the blushing discontented sun".


3) Cater (verb). This word derives from the Middle English noun meaning 'buyer of provisions'. Shakespeare includes 'cater' in As You Like It, when an old servant is talking to Orlando.


Extract: "Take that and He that doth the ravens feed / Yea, providently caters for the sparrow / Be comfort to my age!"


4) Critic (noun). This is used by Shakespeare in Love's Labour's Lost when Berowne is complaining, having made fun of others for being in love. Shakespeare was, indeed, constantly criticised for his work so it is not entirely surprising that he made up 'critic'.


Extract: "I...have been love's whip / A critic, nay, a night-watch constable".


5) Denote (verb). This is used in Shakespeare's tragedy Romeo and Juliet, said by Friar Lawrence when admonishing Romeo for contemplating suicide. It is from the Latin meaning 'to mark or note out'.


Extract: "Thy wild acts denote / The unreasonable fury of a beast".


6) Frugal (adjective). This word can be found in the comedy The Merry Wives of Windsor, in the scene where Mistress Page is surprised to receive a love letter from someone unexpected. It derives from the Latin word 'frugalis' which means 'frugal or virtuous".


Extract: "Why, he hath not been thrice in my company!... I was then frugal of my mirth".


Here are some briefer examples too:



aerial / aggravate / brittle / bump / castigate / countless / cranny / critical / dwindle / eventful / excellent / fitful / fragrant / frugal / gnarled / gust / hint / homicide / hurry / lonely / majestic / monumental / obscene / pedant / radiance / submerge / summit / 

bare-faced / blood-stained / cloud-capped (towers) / fancy-free / fore-father / ill-starred / heaven-kissing (hill) / lacklustre (eye) / leap-frog / snow-white.






I do hope you enjoyed this bite of knowledge. I think it is so inspiring that one man created so many words that we use in everyday language. Imagine trying to do that...


By Jess

Word of the Day

Still listing words from the first chapter of The Great Gatsby, because there were just so many. F. Scott Fitzgerald is officially one of my idols.

Today's Word:

Genuflect

1. To express a servile attitude (passive or obeying)
2. To bend the knee in worship or reverence

Sentence example: The servant genuflected in his master's presence because he needed to be respected.

Word origin: 'Genu' in Latin means 'knee' and 'flectere' means 'to bend'

Just to let everyone know, Talia has had to go into hospital for surgery (this little anecdote is not from our school obviously). She is fine, but it means that she won't be blogging for a while. Everyone wish her to get well soon!

By Jess

Wednesday, 15 June 2011

Word of the Day

I think we are all guilty of this in our essay-based exams...

Today's Word:

Trite

Lacking in freshness or effectiveness because of overuse by excessive repetition.

Sentence example: She found it difficult to take his trite argument seriously.

By Jess

Sunday, 12 June 2011

Good Morning America

At The English Review we are always looking for ways to expand our audience and cater to more people's English related needs. This is just a quick post to say that we would love to know what our American readers would like to see more of, whether it be words, books, music, films or any other category that has some semblance of English attached to it.

Either comment below with suggestions or email us at: tburrows@godolphinandlatymer.com  or
                                                                                  jhof@godolphinandlatymer.com